The One Health approach, an integrated, unifying framework recognizing the
interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health, provides a cornerstone
for global health security and sustainable development. Formally endorsed in 2021
by the Quadripartite United Nations agencies, it is currently being implemented
across 160 countries globally, including at least 21 African countries. In Tanzania,
implementation is guided by two successive national strategic plans and coordinated
through the One Health Section of the Prime Minister’s Office.

To advance this agenda, the first Tanzania One Health Conference (TOHC) was convened in Arusha
from 4 to 6 November 2024, bringing together 320 participants from government,
academia, private institutions, international organizations, and civil society. This report
synthesizes the principal findings from five keynote addresses, three high-level panel
discussions, and 112 presentations across five sub-themes. These include Disease
Surveillance, Systems and Technology; One Health Evidence-Based Advocacy, Equity
and Social Inclusion; and One Health Approach to Biosecurity and Biosafety Practices.
Additionally, other themes addressed Climate Change, Biodiversity and Pandemic
Preparedness, as well as Food and Feed Safety, Security and Nutrition.

Thematic analysis across these sub-themes identified eight cross-cutting recommendations
addressing governance and accountability, disease surveillance, sustainable financing,
investment strategy, education and advocacy, research and evidence generation,
policy-research coordination, and climate and biodiversity integration. The conference
substantially achieved its four stated aims and committed to establishing a regular
national One Health symposium as a platform for ongoing accountability and
knowledge exchange.